| Nā kikoʻī huahana | ||
| ʻAno Metala | ||
| Mea hao | Wahi a DIN, ASTM, JIS, BS, NF, GB Standard | |
| Ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili | Parkerizing, Polishing, Zinc Plated, Spray Painted | |
| Ka Lapaʻau Wela | Carburizing, Quench Hardening | |
| Hoʻāʻo Tensile | Kūlike me nā Kūlana ʻOihana | |
| Hoʻāʻo Hoʻopālahalaha | ʻAʻohe Māwae a hiki i ka 2/3 * Anawaena | |
| Hoʻāʻo Flaring | ʻAʻohe Māwae a hiki i ka 5/4 * Anawaena | |
| ʻAno Laho | ||
| Mea Laho | NR, EPDM, SBR, NBR, CR, a pēlā aku | |
| Paʻakikī o ka laholio | 30-90 Kahakai A | |
| Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa | 7-25Mpa | |
| Hoʻolōʻihi ʻana | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| Hoʻonohonoho Hoʻopili | 35% | |
| Kūpaʻa ʻOzone | E mālama i ka maikaʻi 85% min | |
| Kūpaʻa i ka mahana | -45°C | |
| Kūpaʻa i ka ʻelemakule | E mālama i ka maikaʻi o 85% | |
| Pale ʻaila | Hoʻololi leo 10% max | |
| Ka Hoʻokele Uila | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| ʻAno Huahana | ||
| Ikaika Hoʻopili | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| ʻOʻoleʻa Radial | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| ʻOʻoleʻa Axial | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| Luhi Torsional | Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā | |
| Palapala hoʻokō | 3 Makahiki A i ʻole> 50000KM (Pae OEM) 1 Makahiki (Ma hope o ke kūʻai aku) | |
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻūpā laholio e hoʻokaʻawale i ka puna lau mai nā lako kau. E hana ʻia nā ʻūpā puna lau i ke kila, laholio, keleawe, polyurethane, a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea. Loaʻa nā ʻūpā puna lau i nā maka o nā puna a me nā lau ʻē aʻe e kau ana i nā ʻāpana paʻa o ke kaʻa e like me ka lau torque. Loaʻa nui ka puna lau i loko o ke kalaka, ka trailer, ka semi-trailer, a pēlā aku. Hāʻawi lākou i kahi uluna no nā puna āpau ma ke kaʻa me nā mea ma ke alo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kila a ma ke kua he laholio āpau. Kākoʻo nā ʻūpā hoʻohālikelike puna lau i nā wēlau o nā puna lau a ʻae iā lākou e hoʻopili. No ka mea, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi ʻūpā laholio e hana i loko o kahi palena palena o ka neʻe ʻana a ʻaʻole pono ka lubrication, hana maikaʻi nā ʻūpā laholio i nā noi lima hoʻomalu a me ka puna lau. No ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻili ʻaʻahu, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻūpā laholio i nā lima metala o loko a me waho. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia ka lima o waho i loko o ka lima hoʻomalu a i ʻole ka puna ʻoiai e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lima o loko i ka mōlina e kahi bolt retainer. No ka mea, omo ka ʻūpā laholio i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻāpana hoʻokuʻu, ʻaʻohe ʻaʻahu frictional a rotational paha e hana ʻia. ʻIke wale ʻia nā pilikia o ke komo ʻana ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka bushing rubber mai kona mau lima lima o loko a me waho. Hoʻolālā ʻia hoʻi nā bushings rubber e hoʻokaʻawale i ke chassis mai ka haʻalulu alanui a me ka walaʻau. ʻO ka ozone, ka mālamalama ultraviolet, nā mahana koʻikoʻi a me nā pilikia lewa ʻē aʻe e hoʻopaʻakikī i nā bushings rubber a hoʻoulu iā lākou e hoʻouna i ka walaʻau a me ka haʻalulu. Hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia nā bushings hoʻokuʻu i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka nānā ʻana i nā lima hoʻomalu haʻahaʻa a me luna no ka neʻe nui ʻana i ka wā e wehe ʻia ai ka hoʻokuʻu no nā hoʻoponopono ʻē aʻe. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, pono nā bushings rubber e hoʻopaʻa i ka lima hoʻomalu i ke kūlana a kaupalena i ka hele ʻana o ka lima hoʻomalu. Inā hiki ke hoʻoneʻe maʻalahi ʻia ka lima hoʻomalu ma mua o kona laulā maʻamau o ka hele ʻana, ua hōʻino ka bushing rubber a ua wehe paha ka bolt pivot a ʻaʻole e paʻa hou i ka lima o loko i ke kūlana. I ka wā o ka nānā ʻana i ke kaʻa maʻamau, pono e nānā ʻia nā bushings rubber no ka paʻakikī a me ka haki e pili ana i ke kaumaha. I nā hihia he nui, hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia kahi bushing disintegrating e ke apo ʻeleʻele o nā ʻāpana rubber e hana ana a puni kona puni ke hoʻokaʻawale ka bushing mai kona lima metala. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka bushing ke hoʻololi a ʻae i ka lima hoʻomalu e neʻe ma waho o ke kikowaena mai kona pivot point maʻamau. Ke hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o ka bushing, ua hoʻemi ʻia ke kihi camber maikaʻi.
| ʻAʻole. | d | B | D | A | L |
| 1 | 14 | 22 | 40.2 | 32 | 50 |
| 2 | 19 | 25 | 40.2 | 30 | 50 |
| 3 | 12 | 18 | 33.7 | 26 | 32 |
| 4 | 16 | 22 | 40.2 | 28 | 36 |
| 5 | 16 | 22 | 40 | 32 | 40 |
| 6 | 18 | 22 | 34 | 25 | 25 |
| 7 | 25.5 | 43 | 60 | 76 | 82 |
| 8 | 42 | 60 | 78 | 130 | 140 |
| 9 | 6 | 18 | 20 | 16 | 18 |
| 10 | 16 | 20 | 28.7 | 25.5 | 30 |
| 11 | 12.2 | 18 | 32.25 | 26 | 47.9 |
| 12 | 10.2 | 19 | 32 | 26 | 31.6 |
| 13 | 10.1 | 18 | 32.25 | 26 | 31.5 |
| 14 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 51 |
| 15 | 12.5 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 35 |
| 16 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 36 |
| 17 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 47 |
| 18 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 52 |
| 19 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 45 |
| 20 | 14.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 40 |
| 21 | 12.2 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 48 |
| 22 | 17.1 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 35 |
| 23 | 17.1 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 38 |
| 24 | 12.2 | 16 | 28 | 30 | 38 |
| 25 | 14.2 | 20 | 35 | 35 | 46 |
| 26 | 14.2 | 23 | 35 | 35 | 43 |
| 27 | 12.2 | 23 | 35 | 35 | 43 |
| 28 | 12.2 | 20 | 35 | 35 | 46 |
| 29 | 12.2 | 20 | 35 | 35 | 43 |
| 30 | 12.2 | 20 | 35 | 35 | 47 |
1. Kūlana OEM
2. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea maka rapa kiʻekiʻe
3.Ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka popo, ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke aniau a me ka momona
4.1-3 makahiki o ka palapala hoʻokō no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana
5. Nā hōʻailona kālepa maʻamau i ʻae ʻia
6. Ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi 100% ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia